http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2091 Search the Channel search http://repository.ksu.edu.sa/jspui/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19240 Title: Similarity of cephalometric craniofacial features in Saudi parents and their offspring<br/><br/>Authors: AL-KHUDHAIRI, TINA DHAFIR ABDUL-MUHSIN; AlKofide, Prof. Eman<br/><br/>Abstract: Abstract: The heritability of craniofacial form and structure between family members hasbeen an area of interest for many researchers. Interfamilial information has been shown to beof value during case assessment, diagnosis and treatment planning in the Orthodontic practice.The present investigation was conducted as a cross-sectional study aimed to estimate thecorrelation and heritability values of craniofacial variables between parents and their offspring.The sample comprised of 24 Saudi families; each family consisted of father, mother, son anddaughter. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken for each family member. Twenty eightangular, linear and proportional cephalometric variables were measured. Error of the methodwas assessed using the Dahlberg method and the coefficient of reliability tests. Interfamilialcorrelations and heritability (h2) values were estimated among father-son, father-daughter,mother-son and mother-daughter pairings. Results revealed statistically significant correlationsin four angular measurements in the father-son pairings, while only the gonial angle wassignificant in the mother-son pairings. In the father-daughter pairing, nine angles were allstatistically significant, while in the mother-daughter pairings only the ANB and AB to facialplane angles were significantly similar. When the linear measurements were considered,statistically significant correlations were found for the anterior facial height and upper andlower anterior facial heights between fathers and sons. The mother and son pairings identifiedsignificant similarities in the posterior facial height and mandibular body length. When fatherswere paired with their daughters, similarities were found in the anterior cranial base length,total / upper / lower anterior facial heights, posterior facial height, maxillary length andmidfacial length. No significant correlations were found between mothers and their daughters.With regards to the proportional measurements, no significant correlation was seen for all thepairings except between the father-daughter's group. The heritability (h2) test showed strongervalues in all the father-son pairings rather than the mother-son groups except for the angularmeasurements where the opposite was seen. With regards to the parent-daughter groups,stronger h2 estimates for the all three types of measurements were shown in the fathersdaughterspairing more so than the mothers-daughters pairs. In conclusion, the overallcorrelation and h2 mean values for the three types of measurements showed stronger values in the father-offspring than the mother-offspring groups, with the father-daughter pairings more significant than the father-son groups.<br/><br/>Description: Masters Sun, 07 Jun 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19239 Title: Cleanliness and Apical Extrusion Assessment of the EndoVac Irrigation System<br/><br/>Authors: Al Khudhairi, Tala Dhafir; Al Kahtani, Dr Ahmed<br/><br/>Abstract: Aim:The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Endovac irrigation systemregarding 1) debris removal and 2) the control of apically extruded irrigating solution.Materials and Methods:Fifty extracted human single-rooted teeth were used in this study. Teeth were then randomlydivided into three experimental groups according to the type of irrigation technique used andone control group. In group 1 (n=15), irrigation was performed with Endovac irrigation system.In group 2 (n=15), irrigation was performed with a 30 gauge tip-vented irrigation needle. Ingroup 3 (n=15), irrigation was performed with a 30 gauge side-vented irrigation needle. Thecontrol group (n=5) received instrumentation with no irrigation serving as controls for thecleaning efficiency. Root canal instrumentation was performed by using the Profile NiTi rotarysystem in a crown-down technique. All experimental teeth were irrigated with the same amountof 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The amount of extruded irrigating solution was then measuredby subtracting the post-instrumentation weight from the pre-instrumentation weight using theelectronic balance (Precisa 180A- Swiss made). The cleanliness of debris removal wasevaluated using the scanning electron microscopy.Results:Extrusion results showed that the group that resulted in more irrigation extrusion was as followsfrom highest to lowest: tip-vented > side-vented > Endovac. The difference between all thegroups is highly significant (P = 0.000 < 0.05). As for the cleaning results, debris collection inthe both the EndoVac and tip-vented groups was least in the apical third. In both the control andthe side-vented groups, debris was most in the apical third. But this difference was notsignificant between the three experimental groups.Conclusion:In conclusion, the EndoVac irrigation system extruded significantly less irrigant solution thanboth the needle irrigation systems. Debris collection was least in the apical third regarding theEndoVac irrigation system. No significant difference was found in the cleaning efficiency between the three irrigation systems used.<br/><br/>Description: Masters Wed, 16 Jun 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19238 Title: The Effect of Time on the Antimicrobial Action of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, an In-Vivo Study<br/><br/>Authors: Mohammad Basoudan, Sumaya Omar; Balto, Hanan Abdul Ghafour<br/><br/>Abstract: Endodontic treatment aims to remove pulpal tissue, bacteria and their byproducts from root canals. However, this is difficult to achieve 100% in most cases. Studies have shown that ultrasonic irrigation reduces bacteria in the canals through destruction of bacterial cell wall. However, it has been suggested that its effect may be only transient. This research aims to study the antimicrobial effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation on the microbial flora of root canals over time, and to observe the antibacterial action of passive ultrasonic irrigation. Twenty five selected teeth in different patients were divided into four groups according to irrigation method, Group 1: received irrigation with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Group 2: were irrigated with PUI and saline, Group 3: were irrigated with NaOCl by needle irrigation, and Group 4: irrigated with saline by needle irrigation. Five microbial samples were taken from each root canal at different time intervals and bacterial counts were compared between the samples. Statistical analysis showed no difference in the bacterial counts immediately and after 10 minutes; however the counts increased after 24 hours, suggesting that the antimicrobial action of passive ultrasonic irrigation may not be affected by time. Intra- and inter-group analysis showed no difference between passive ultrasonic activation of NaOCl over syringe application of the irrigant.<br/><br/>Description: Masters Wed, 20 Oct 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19237 Title: In –Vitro Study on the Erosive Potential of Milk Products on Enamel Structure of Deciduous and Permanent Teeth<br/><br/>Authors: Al-Khowaiter, Sawssan S; Khounganian, Prof. Rita<br/><br/>Abstract: Objective: The present research was under taken to assess the erosive potential of different milkproducts on the enamel microhardness in human deciduous and permanent teeth and correlate theEnergy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis (EDX-Analysis) and ultrastructural findings to thesoftening effect of the different milk products on the tooth structure.Methodology: 72 enamel specimens were prepared from freshly extracted deciduous andpermanent teeth and divided into four groups and subgroup .Each subgroup comprised of 3 pairsof enamel specimens (3 deciduous and 3 permanent enamel slabs). In the first group (controlgroup) specimens were immersed in distilled water, whereas the remaining three groups wereimmersed for 45 minutes under standardized conditions at room temperature in different milkproducts. The three groups included the milk group comprising plain milk, strawberry milk,cocktail juice milk with vitamin and apple exotic fruits juice milk; the laban group consisting ofplain laban, strawberry laban, cocktail laban and orange laban; the yogurt group including plainyogurt, yogurt with natural strawberry fruit, yogurt with artificial strawberry flavor.Microhardness was measured using micrometer II microhardness, 300g load was applied and thesignificance of difference was statistically analyzed at (p 7 0.05). To enhance statistical analysis,the number of reading where evaluated to get better number of specimens. Enamel slabs wereevaluated after exposure to milk products and distilled water by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Analysis of the calcium and phosphate ions on the enamel surface structure wasdetermined using EDX-Analysis.Results: The microhardness measurements showed that there were statistically significantdifferences before and after immersion of the enamel slabs in the different milk products for 45minutes when compared to control group. Plain milk and strawberry milk revealed the highestmicrohardness values indicating increased enamel hardness while the other products expressedsignificant softening effects as indicated by the decreased microhardness values. These effectswere visualized by SEM and confirmed by EDX-Analysis.Conclusion: This study revealed that all tested milk products cause dental erosion to some extentexcept plain milk and strawberry milk that showed enamel hardening. This highlights once againthe importance of milk and its essential nutritive values. Thus children should be encouraged todrink milk.<br/><br/>Description: Masters Sat, 24 Oct 2009 00:00:00 GMT