http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2211 Search the Channel search http://repository.ksu.edu.sa/jspui/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/17321 Title: The Ratio between Arachidonic Acid 20:4 (-6) and Docosahexaenoic Acid 22:6 (-3) Influences the Growth and Plasma Fatty Acid Profile in Rabbits after Weaning<br/><br/>Authors: M. Al-Nori, Doha.; A. Bakeet, Zubayda.; M. Al-Othman, Abdulaziz .<br/><br/>Abstract: We studied the effect of dietary fatty acids on plasma fatty acid profile as well as growth performance (total food consumption TFC, weight gain WG, and feed efficiency FE) in rabbits fed three different diets varying in their omega-3 (-3) and omega-6 (-6) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) concentrations for four weeks after weaning. The first diet was the control negative diet (CND) with no LCPUFA; the second was fortified with egg yolk (EY) as a source of Arachidonic Acid AA 20:4 (-6) and Docosahexaenoic Acid DHA 22:6 (-3) with the ratio of (1:0.5) respectively; and the third was fortified with egg yolk and fish oil (EY + FO) as sources of AA and DHA with the ratio of (1:1) respectively, breast feeding infant rabbits were used as a control positive diet (CPD) group (breast milk contains LCPUFA 20:4 and 22:6). There was a significant increase (p0.05) in WG thereby FE in the (EY + FO) group in comparison with (EY) and (CND) groups, while no significant differences (p0.05) were obtained in (TFC) between the fed groups. However, there was a significant increase in PUFA particularly Oleic Acid OA 18:1(-9) in (EY + FO) group compared to (EY) and (CND) groups, and significant increase in OA, Linoleic Acid LA 18:2 (-6) and Alpha Linolenic Acid ALA 18:3 (-3) in plasma of the (CPD) group compared to the fed groups. Four weeks after weaning, there was slightly increase in LCPUFA particularly AA in plasma of the (EY + FO) group in comparison with (EY) and (CND) groups, and DHA in plasma of the (EY) group in comparison with (EY + FO) and (CND) groups. Despite this insignificant increase in the level of AA and DHA which was observed in the fed groups in this study due to fortification with the suggested ratios; therefore, our study recommends more research in this area taking into account the ratio between AA and DHA. Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/17320 Title: Effect of Long-Term Dietary Lipids on Femur Mineral Content, Ex vivo Prostaglandin E2 release and Bone Growth in Growing Rabbits<br/><br/>Authors: M. Al-Nouri, D.; S. Al-Khalifa, A.<br/><br/>Abstract: The long-term effects of different dietary oil sources with varying omega-6/omega-3 (-6/-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratios on the bone marrow fatty acids level, bone growth, and ex vivo prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release and minerals content in bone were evaluated in rabbits. Weanling male and female New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups and fed ad libitum on diets containing 70 g/kg of added oil for 100 days as follow: soybean oil (SBO control), sesame oil (SO), fish oil (FO), DHA algae oil (DHA), and DHA and ARA algae oils (DHA/ARA). The dietary lipid treatments were formulated to provide the following ratio of -6/-3 fatty acids: 8.7 (SBO), 21.8 (SO), 0.4 (FO), 0.6 (DHA), and 0.7 (DHA/ARA). The bone marrow fatty acids level of rabbits was significantly influenced by and reflected the dietary level of -6 and -3 fatty acids fed to rabbits. Rabbits fed the FO diet maintained a lower -6/-3 ratio and a higher EPA and DHA concentrations in their bone marrow; those fed the SO diet maintained a higher -6/-3 fatty acids ratio, while those fed the SBO diet maintained a higher LA and ALA concentrations and intermediate value of -6/-3 ratio. Ex vivo PGE2 level declined progressively as the -6/-3 dietary ratio declined. There was a significant main effect of dietary treatment on femur Ca, P, Mg, and Zn contents in both genders. These results demonstrate that dietary -6/-3 ratio modulates bone PGE2 production in growing rabbits, hence may reduce bone resorption and improve bone mass during growth. In addition, the significant elevation in mineral content and the maintenance of optimal Ca/P ratio in bone of DHA/ARA and DHA fed groups demonstrates that marine algae oils may be promising dietary sources for promoting bone mineralization and formation thus improving bone mass during the growth stage. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/17318 Title: Biochemical markers of bone metabolism after a 3-mo Zizyphus spina-christi supplementation on<br/><br/>Authors: M. Hussein Abdelkarem, Hala.; Adawy A., H.; Haggag M., H.; EL-Shobaki F, A.<br/><br/>Abstract: considerable interest because of the increased concern about the risks associated with the use of hormone replacement therapy. However, the evidence in support of a bone-sparing effect in post-menopausal women is still not sufficiently convincing. Most studies have been performed on soyabean isoflavones (genistein and daidzein). The purpose of this study is to evaluate Zizyphus spina-christi extract and compare to rutin in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. This study was done on 46 patients suffering from osteoporosis. Patients were classified into three groups: Gp 1: patients were given orange juice in addition to calcium (1000 mg daily) and vitamin D (0.25 μg daily), Gp 2: patients were given orange juice fortified with rutin, a synthetic isoflavone (180 mg/d), in addition to a daily dose of Ca and vitamin D3 as in group 1, Gp 3: patients were given orange juice fortified with Z. spina-christi extract (50 mg/d), in addition to a daily dose of Ca and vitamin D3 as in group 1. These regimens continued for a period of 3 months and followed up weekly. The serum levels of calcium, osteocalcin (OC), urinary deoxypyridinoline (U-Dpd) and urinary creatinine were estimated for all patients before and after the intervention. There were a significant increase (p< 0.05) in the level of serum OC and a significant decrease (p< 0. 01) of U-Dpd of postmenopausal women in groups (2, 3) after three months follow-up. There was a highly significant positive correlation (p< 0.05) between serum OC and U-Dpd in postmenopausal women before intervention trials. The Ca/Cr ratio (p< 0.01) was significantly decreased in postmenopausal women after given rutin or ZSC extract, but the decrease in case of ZSC extract was higher relative to rutin. No significant change in the level of serum calcium was noticed as for the three routes of intervention. It was concluded that Z. spina-christi extract is a novel functional food ingredients which suggests that this product could potentially be used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis that may occur among women after menopause. Also, it is a more potent alternative with less oestrogen-related side effects for hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis, Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/17317 Title: Estimation of Serum Homocysteine Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Neuropathy<br/><br/>Authors: Fahmy, Ebtesam.; Amer, Hanan.; M. Rabah, Amany.; El-Fayoumy, Nervana.; Mokhtar, Hala.; Abdelkarem, Hussein.<br/><br/>Abstract: Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are both associated with premature vascular disease. Data indicate that homocysteine is independently associated with the prevalence of peripheral sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Objective: To investigate the association between homocysteine level and the prevalence of neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Twenty six type 2 diabetic patients and 16 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Neuropathy was diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, clinical examination and electrophysiological sensory and motor testing. Homocysteine-related parameters (plasma homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12) were determined. Results: Diabetic patients had a significantly higher plasma levels of homocysteine compared to controls, (p=0.001). Significantly lower serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid were detected in diabetic patients compared to controls, (p=0.000; 0.011 respectively). Females had significantly lower mean levels of folic acid and Vitamin B12 than males (p= 0.045, 0.037 respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between duration of diabetes; PPBS; HbA1c and homocysteine levels, (P= 0.019, 0.005, 0.000 respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between homocysteine level with PPBS and HbA1c, (P=0.019, 0.001 respectively). Levels of folic acid and Vit B12 were positively correlated (p= 0.000). No correlation was also found between the type of neuropathy and homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and folic acid levels. Conclusion: Elevated serum homocysteine is associated with the presence of diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Future studies are needed to establish hyperhomocysteinaemia as a clinically significant modifiable risk factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT