Effect of Soil Salinity and Water Stresses on Growth and Content of Nitrogen, Chloride and Phosphate of Wheat and Triticale.

Abstract

The amount of adsorbed B by the initial soil samples (Y) Three wheat and one triticale were grown, up to flowering stage, in pots on calcareous soil adjusted to a range of salinities (S1 = 3.5, S2 = 6, S3 = 8.5, and S4 = 11 mmhos/cm, 200C, soil-paste extract) by adding solution consisting of 3:2:1 of Na- Ca- and Mg chlorides in chemical equivalent amounts. Moisture in the pots was kept at 100%(W1), 40%(W2) and 20%(W3) of the available water. The vegetative growth, nitrogen and phosphate were affected by S and W treatments, chloride was affected only by S. The interaction SxW affected only dry weight. Varietal effect was observed between wheat as a group and triticale. Multiple quadratic regression equations of these properties on salinity and water revealed that the higher the available water the wider the range of tolerable salinity. Triticale was relatively more tolerant to water stress. Salinity increases Cl and decreases Na, whereas water stress enhances Na accumulation to a certain extent, However, in triticale at S3 and S4 the effect of water stress on Na was overshadowed by the excessive salinity. This did not occur for the wheat (Florence). P trends were described. R2 for P was low (0.7435-0.3603) which made interpretations rather difficult. be expressed by the following equation: Y= 5.1435 + 0.01083 (CaCO3 %) + 19.158 (Fe2O3%) + 20.146 (Al2O3 %) – 0.3294 (clay %), – 1.279, (OM%) – 0.0533 (surface area).