Effects of Glycemic Index and Type of Dietary Fibers on Some Biochemical Indices of Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Subjects

Abstract

In order to evaluate the effect of the type of carbohydrate (according to the glycemic index) and bran fiber and carrageenan gum on plasma glucose and lipids in people with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, 30 male patients were randomly chosen and divided into five groups of diets of a period of 10 days. The first group was the control diet, which was modified from the American Diabetes Association recommended diets for diabetes; the second group was high insoluble fiber high glycemic index (HIF-HGI) diet, the third group was high soluble fiber high glycemic index (HSF-HGI) diet; the fourth group was high insoluble fiber low glycemic index (HIF-LGI) diet; and the 1st group was high soluble fiber low glycemic index (HSF-LGI) diet. All diets caused the weight of the patients to be reduced, but the only significant difference was found between the control and HSF-GSI diets. The HSF-HGI diets caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in the plasma glucose compared to the HSF-GSI diet significantly (p<0.05) reduced the total cholesterol more than the control, HIF-HGI and HSF-HGI diets. The HSF-LGI diet also caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in LDL-C of the plasma compared to the control and HSF.HGI diets, while the HIF-LGI diet caused significant reduction in HDL-C compared to the rest of the diets, except HIF-HGI. Although all diets caused the triglyceride and VLDL-C of the patients to be reduced, the study was unable to show any significant differences among them.